UTAH · SALT LAKE COUNTY

Wind Loads Between Two Ranges: Salt Lake City in the Wasatch Front Valley

Pinned between the Wasatch and Oquirrh mountains at roughly 4,200 ft, Salt Lake City lives with canyon-channeled and downslope windstorms that the valley floor never sees evenly. Design speed varies by site.

90–105MPH 3-SEC GUST · RISK II · VARIES BY SITE
Salt Lake Co.JURISDICTION · UTAH
ASCE 7-22VIA UTAH STATE CONSTRUCTION CODE (IBC)

CANYON WINDS · DOWNSLOPE EVENTS · LAKE EFFECT

What Drives Wind at the Base of the Wasatch

The valley floor is the calm baseline. The hazard concentrates where terrain reshapes the flow — canyon mouths, the east bench, and exposed ground near the Great Salt Lake.

Canyon Channeling

Big Cottonwood, Little Cottonwood, Parley's and Emigration canyons accelerate flow — expect a topographic factor Kzt above 1.0 near their mouths.

Kzt > 1.0 NEAR CRESTS

Downslope Windstorms

Cold air draining off the Wasatch crest can erupt into powerful winter downslope events along the Front — the valley's signature high-wind threat.

WINTER PEAK

East Bench Elevation

Foothill bench projects climbing toward the range face more open exposure and stronger speeds than sheltered downtown blocks below.

SPEED RISES WITH GRADE

Great Salt Lake Fetch

Open ground and the lake to the northwest steer western-valley sites toward Exposure C, away from the urban Exposure B that covers most of the city.

EXPOSURE B → C

Reading the terrain: Downtown and established neighborhoods read as Exposure B. Western flats near the lake, open foothill ground, and exposed benches can push to Exposure C. Per ASCE 7-22 the valley floor is Kzt = 1.0, while sites near a canyon mouth or escarpment rise above 1.0 and fall back to 1.0 away from the feature. Elevation near 4,200 ft is absorbed into Ke.

PERMIT-READY CHECKLIST

What a Salt Lake County Submittal Has to Show

Every sealed wind package for a city project carries the same backbone — here is what a reviewer expects to see.

Site Wind Speed

The 3-second-gust V pulled from ASCE 7-22 maps for the exact address — within the 90–105 mph Risk II band, varying by location.

Exposure Justification

B for the urban valley, C for open or lake-side ground — documented per ASCE 7 Section 26.7 surface roughness.

Topographic Kzt

Speed-up analysis for canyon-mouth and bench sites — above 1.0 at the crest, returning to 1.0 away from the feature.

Risk Category

Table 1.5-1 sets which speed map you read — higher category, longer return period, higher V. No fixed multiplier.

MWFRS & C&C

Main system and component-and-cladding pressures for walls, roof panels, windows and doors, all under the same V.

Wind + Snow Combos

Roof design that combines the wind case with the substantial Wasatch-region snow load per ASCE 7-22 load combinations.

Calculations must be sealed by a Professional Engineer licensed in Utah through the Division of Occupational and Professional Licensing. The WindLoadCalc.com calculator assembles every line above into a permit-ready report from a single address.

FROM ADDRESS TO SEALED REPORT

Calculate Wind Loads for Your Wasatch Front Project

Enter a Salt Lake City address and the calculator resolves V, exposure, the canyon topographic factor, risk category and component pressures — then builds a permit-ready package.