CALIFORNIA · SAN FRANCISCO COUNTY (CITY-COUNTY)

At the Tip of the Peninsula, the Wind Rips Straight Through the Gate

San Francisco pairs a moderate basic wind speed with brutal site variability: Pacific-fed gusts funneled through the Golden Gate, hilltop speed-up, and a skyline where seismic usually leads but wind still rules the cladding.

100–115MPH RISK II · 3-SEC GUST
SFCITY-COUNTY JURISDICTION
7-22ASCE EDITION VIA CBC
B/C/DEXPOSURE · VARIES BY SITE

CYAN · PENINSULA WIND CLIMATE

Why a "Moderate" Map Number Lies About This Site

The map value sits in the 100–115 mph band for Risk II, but San Francisco's terrain rewrites it block by block. Exposure and topography do the heavy lifting here.

Funneled Through the Gate

Westerlies off the Pacific compress through the strait and slam the Sunset, Richmond and Presidio shoreline.

VENTURI EFFECT

Hilltop Speed-Up

Twin Peaks, Nob, Russian and Telegraph Hills trigger Kzt >1.0 near the crest, easing back to 1.0 away from the feature.

Kzt TOPO

Bay Meets Open Ocean

Embarcadero and bay shoreline lean Exposure C; Ocean Beach and Lands End can push Exposure D over open water.

B · C · D

Microclimate Whiplash

Fog and wind shift dramatically across a few blocks, so one exposure call rarely covers a whole district.

SITE-SPECIFIC

Seismic usually governs the frame — wind governs the skin. Sitting between the San Andreas and Hayward faults, SF lateral design is dominated by seismic. But ASCE 7-22 wind cases are still mandatory and routinely control curtain walls, windows, roofing and components & cladding. Exact mph varies by site.

VIOLET · SF DBI SUBMITTAL CHECKLIST

What a Permit Set Owes the Department of Building Inspection

Six things every San Francisco wind-load package needs before plan review will sign off.

Confirm the Map Speed

Pull the Risk-Category basic wind speed (100–115 mph band for Risk II) for the exact address.

STEP 1

Justify the Exposure

Document whether the site is urban B, bayfront C, or open-ocean D — and defend the upwind fetch.

STEP 2

Run the Topo Factor

Apply Kzt per ASCE 7-22 §26.8 for hilltop, ridge and escarpment sites; flat ground stays at 1.0.

STEP 3

Separate MWFRS & C&C

Produce both main-frame pressures and the localized component & cladding pressures that often govern here.

STEP 4

Stamp by a CA PE/SE

Calculations carry a California-licensed PE or SE seal; complex towers may face independent peer review.

STEP 5

Tie It to CBC + SF Code

Reference the California Building Code with San Francisco amendments and ASCE 7-22 as adopted.

STEP 6

CYAN · DOWNTOWN & SOMA TOWERS

Where Slender High-Rises Make Wind Talk Back

In the Financial District and South of Market, dynamic wind behavior and pedestrian-level comfort enter the conversation even where seismic still controls the frame.

Wind-Tunnel Territory

Slender or irregular towers often warrant wind-tunnel testing instead of code-only pressures.

SLENDER GEOMETRY

Vortex & Crosswind

Tall buildings get checked for vortex shedding and dynamic crosswind response, not just static load.

DYNAMIC EFFECTS

Street-Level Comfort

Ground-level wind acceleration around new towers is reviewed for pedestrian comfort downtown.

PEDESTRIAN WIND

EMERALD · RUN THE NUMBERS

Pin the Exposure, Topo and Pressures for Your SF Address

Drop in a San Francisco address and the calculator resolves the Risk-Category map speed, B/C/D exposure, Kzt, and MWFRS plus C&C pressures into a PE-ready ASCE 7-22 report for SF DBI.