WASHINGTON · KING COUNTY / SEATTLE SDCI

Where Puget Sound Storms Meet the Emerald City Skyline

Seattle's wind design is shaped by Pacific winter windstorms rolling in off the Sound, a hilly maritime city, and a seismic backdrop that frequently shares the lateral-load conversation.

100–110MPH 3-SEC GUST · RISK CAT II
KingCOUNTY · SEATTLE SDCI
ASCE 7-22VIA WSBC (ADOPTS IBC)
B / CURBAN VS WATERFRONT EXPOSURE

CYCLONIC LOWS · SALTWATER FETCH

Reading the Wind Off Elliott Bay and the Hills

Pacific Northwest windstorms arrive as deep low-pressure systems, accelerating across open Sound water before climbing Seattle's ridgelines — exposure, not just speed, drives the pressures.

Winter Windstorm Fetch

Sustained Pacific lows sweep saltwater fetch across Puget Sound, the driver behind the 100–110 mph design gust band.

100–110 MPH · RISK II

Hilly Topography

Queen Anne, Capitol Hill and West Seattle ridges can lift Kzt above 1.0 near a crest, returning to 1.0 away from the feature.

Kzt ≥ 1.0 AT CRESTS

Urban Exposure B

Dense neighborhoods — Belltown, Ballard, Fremont — shelter into Exposure B, the standard inland category citywide.

Kz 0.85 @ 30 FT (B)

Waterfront Exposure C

The Seattle waterfront, Harbor Island and Lake Washington shores open to Exposure C — higher Kz, higher pressures.

Kz 0.98 @ 30 FT (C)

Seismic design near the Cascadia Subduction Zone and Seattle Fault often governs the lateral system — yet wind still rules cladding, curtain walls, windows and roofing, so both cases are checked element by element.

SDCI PERMIT CHECKLIST

What a Seattle Permit Set Actually Demands

Six pieces every King County wind-load submittal carries through Seattle Department of Construction and Inspections review.

ASCE 7-22 Per WSBC

Velocity pressures run on ASCE 7-22 as adopted by the Washington State Building Code (IBC base).

ASCE 7-22

Washington PE Seal

A Washington-licensed Professional Engineer must seal structural calculations; SE expertise suits complex frames.

WA PE / SE

Correct Exposure Call

Justify B inland versus C at the waterfront; in transitional shoreline zones the conservative C is the safe call.

EXPOSURE B / C

Risk Category Map

Risk Category sets which speed map you read: II for most buildings, III–IV for assembly, schools and essential facilities.

CAT I–IV MAPS

MWFRS + C&C Output

Both main-system and component-and-cladding pressures — windows, panels, roofing — go in the calc package.

MWFRS & C&C

Special Inspections

SDCI plan review plus special inspection and testing during construction close out WSBC compliance.

SDCI REVIEW

B VS C · WHY THE WATERFRONT IS DIFFERENT

The Shoreline Pressure Premium

Same 30 ft, same gust — open Sound exposure simply pulls a larger velocity pressure coefficient than the sheltered urban grid.

FactorInland Seattle (Exp B)Sound / Lake Front (Exp C)
Kz at 30 ft0.850.98
Typical neighborhoodsCapitol Hill, Ballard, FremontWaterfront, Harbor Island, Lk Washington
Surface roughnessDense buildings & treesOpen water fetch
Pressure trendBaselineMarkedly higher

Kz values from ASCE 7-22 Table 26.10-1; actual design pressure varies by site, height and the topographic factor at your specific ridge.

EMERALD · RUN THE NUMBERS

Calculate Seattle Wind Loads, Site by Site

Enter any King County address — the calculator pulls the 100–110 mph band, resolves Exposure B or C off the shoreline, applies your Risk Category map and returns PE-ready MWFRS and C&C output for SDCI.