Steep Slope: Abrupt change in ground elevation creating strong flow acceleration
Maximum Speed-up: Highest K₁ factor (0.75) among all topographic features
Extended Acceleration: Speed-up zone extends along the flat top of escarpment
Sharp Wind Profile: Dramatic velocity changes over short horizontal distances
Flat Crest Required: Must have horizontal plateau at top for full effect
Structure: Must be within speed-up zone on upper half of escarpment or crest
H/Lh ≥ 0.3: Steeper slope requirement than hills or ridges
Height: H ≥ 15 ft (Exposure C,D) or 60 ft (Exposure B)
Isolation: No similar upwind obstructions within 100H or 2 miles
Formula: Kzt = (1 + K₁K₂K₃)² where K₁ = 0.75 (shape factor), K₂ = distance factor, K₃ = height factor